Screwdriver
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I very much doubt your vice is wrought iron. Wrought iron is VERY brittle across the grain unlike cast which is brittle in all directions. As for welding I have the larger version of your vice a 9 inch and that sucker has taken dogs abuse over very many years. I can assure you it will weld up perfect without any need to pre heat. My vice had many many welds on it (test welds and over runs by my father and brackets bolts lugs welded on ) by him. These welds are most certainly penetrated as I can testify as I have spent quite some time with a grinder removing these abominations.
Laurence
Good info thanks. All I know is what I have been able to find on sites like this: http://www.anvilfire.com/FAQs/blacksmith-vise.php which tell me it is definitely forged (not cast) from non-ductile iron. I think wrought iron can also be non-ductile so that doesn't rule it out. Also steel is a relatively modern invention on an industrial scale (circa. 1900 Google assures me) and these vices have been around since the 1700's. This particular one might be anything from 1850 to 1920 (I guess!).
But thanks for the info regards welding <whatever it is> I should stop obsessing about thi9s cheap old vice and just get on with chopping it up and making it work! I can't help being enthusiastic about it though, maybe it's the Swindens effect all over again. They are irresistible objects when you strip them off to naked bare metal (note how I avoid the term cast steel LOL)